Thomas Hardy Quotes From Tess of the dUrberville

Thomas Hardy Quotes From 'Tess of the d'Urberville' Tess of the dUrberville is a catastrophe. The epic subtleties the loss of guiltlessness and a definitive pulverization of a little youngster. The tale was one of the last books by Thomas Hardy, who is additionally renowned for Jude the Obscure. Here are a couple of statements from Tess of the dUrberville. I dont know; however I suspect as much. They some of the time appear to resemble the apples on our stubbard-tree. The majority of them awe inspiring and sound - a couple of scourged.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 4 I wont sell his old body. At the point when we dUrbervilles was knights in the land, we didnt sell our chargers for felines meat. Let em keep their shillings! Heve served me well in the course of his life, and I wont part from him now.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 4 In this manner, the thing started. Had she seen this gatherings import she may have inquired as to why she was destined to be seen and pined for that day by an inappropriate man, and not by some other man, the privilege and wanted one in all respects...- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 5 From one predicament into something worse!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 10 However, some may state, where was Tesss gatekeeper Angel? Where was the fortune of her straightforward confidence? Maybe... he was talking, or he was seeking after, or he was in an excursion, or he was dozing and not to be awaked... As Tesss own kin down in those retreats are never worn out on saying among one another in their fatalistic manner: It was to be.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 11 My life looks as though it had been squandered for need of possibilities! At the point when I see what you know, what you have perused, and seen, and thought, I feel what a nothing I am!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 19 I cannot stand to let anyone have him however me! However it isn't right Tess him, and may execute him when he knows!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 28 Truly; at that party on the green; yet you would not hit the dance floor with me. O, I trust that is no evil sign for us now!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 30 you continually pursuing me, and continually having a favorable opinion of me as you have done through the past late spring!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 32 You are generally excellent. In any case, it strikes me that there is a need of amicability between your current state of mind of selflessness and your past mind-set of self-safeguarding.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 35 I consent to the conditions, Angel; since you know best what my discipline should be; just - just - dont make it beyond what I can endure!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 37 She would have set out her life for ee. I could do no more.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 40 You, and those like you, take your fill of joy on earth by making the life of, for example, me severe and dark with distress; and afterward it is a fine thing when you have had enough of that, to consider making sure about your pleasure in paradise by getting changed over!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 45 How might I appeal to God for you, when I am taboo to accept that the incomparable Power who moves the world would modify his arrangements for me?- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 46 You have been the reason for my descending into sin, he kept, extending his arm towards her midsection; you ought to be happy to share it, and leave that donkey you call spouse perpetually.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 47 Keep in mind, my woman, I was your lord once! I will be your lord once more. On the off chance that you are any keeps an eye on spouse you are mine!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 47 O why have you rewarded me so enormously, Angel! I don't merit it. I have thoroughly considered everything cautiously, and I can never, never excuse you! You realize that I didn't plan to wrong you - why have you so wronged me? You are remorseless, brutal without a doubt! I will attempt to overlook you. It is all treachery I have gotten at your hands!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 51 his unique Tess had profoundly stopped to perceive the body before him as hers - permitting it to float, similar to a cadaver upon the current, toward a path disassociated from its living will.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 55 O, you have destroyed my life all... caused me to be what I implored you in feel sorry for not to cause me to be once more!- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 56 Furthermore, the dUrberville knights and ladies dozed on in their burial chambers accidental.- Thomas Hardy, Tess of the dUrberville, Chapter 59

Exley Chemical Case Analysis Essay -- Business Analysis

Exley Chemical Case Analysis Presentation The motivation behind this examination is to offer knowledge into troubles experienced by Exley Chemical Company. Case investigation will give a target perspective on the recognized issues (both full scale and smaller scale), the causes, influenced frameworks, choices and proposals. In a shared exertion, this report mirrors numerous perceptions and sentiments in regards to the case investigation. Investigation I. Issues A. Full scale • Lack of coordination inside the organizations tasks • Decrease in deals and benefits. • Operational clashes inside the significant divisions • This kind of structure is wrong for this organization • There is no consistency of order B. Miniaturized scale • The coordination among promoting and the new item improvement office was deficient. • The Product improvement had issues with promoting. • The Product supervisor squabbles with the showcasing office • Product supervisor was ineffective in planning the exercises. • The organization was experiencing issues in delivering a group idea inside the divisions. II. Causes: • Implementation of isolated division to deal with item improvement has upset the past strong communication between earlier existing divisions. New item advancement division has taken on its very own existence, picking to showcase its new improvements as opposed to passing the new items to different divisions to deal with their standard duties. • In hate of its autonomy of different groups concerning item advancement and showcasing, the new division despite everything need... ...the preparation and advancements (Brown and Harvey, 2006). In this circumstance, each administrator needs to have discourse with the promoting division. This activity, alone, will set into movement changes that would be relied upon to help the deals and income of their individual items (Blanchard and Thacker, 2004). References Earthy colored, D. and Harvey, D. (2006). An experiential way to deal with association advancement. (seventh version). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. McNamara, C. (1999). Business arranging. Recovered on 26 October 2006 from www.NonProfitOffice.com Dagmar and Oliver Recklies. (2006). Themanager.org. Recovered on 26 October 2006, from http://www.themanager.org/Strategy/Change_Phases.htm Blanchard, P.N. and Thacker, J.W. (2004). Compelling preparing: frameworks techniques and rehearses. (second Edition). Upper Saddle River NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Why it is Important to Get the Best Research Proposal Writing Service?

Why it is Important to Get the Best Research Proposal Writing Service?To avail of the best research proposal writing service is not easy. It would be a bit difficult if you have never seen or heard of a research proposal writing service before.But when it comes to business, it's really tough to find out the best research proposal writing service. So the best research proposal writing service for you, is your responsibility.Because if you will not choose the top notch research proposal writing service, then this is not going to make your business to grow. Therefore, it's better for you to know that the reason behind these kinds of services are lots of companies and firms, which are in need of project management.Their reports involve a lot of projects and they need a good plan of research in order to make everything on track. You have to understand that companies, which are in need of these projects are always in the fast-paced phase. In order to create a project management method that will keep your business at the forefront, you can utilize the service of these kinds of service providers.As a result, you will be able to control the time management, as well as the expenditures. So what you need to do is to make a simple research on the best research proposal writing service provider by gathering the information about their policies and their kind of services.If you have done your own research, then there's no doubt that you will be able to find out that there are plenty of providers who provide project management services. So if you are planning to hire the best research proposal writing service, then you should contact them.You will be able to negotiate better terms and conditions with them, if you can establish the best research proposal writing service. However, you need to make sure that the research proposal writing service that you will be using has a good reputation.This way, you can be assured that the report you will be submitting for them will be the b est research proposal writing service. So now you can say that the best research proposal writing service is the most important element of your business, because if your business won't generate enough revenues, then it would be quite impossible for you to survive.

ROM (Read Only Memory) Definition

Definition: Read Only Memory (ROM) is computer memory that can permanently store data and applications within it. There are various types of ROM with names like EPROM (Eraseable ROM) or EEPROM (Electrically Eraseable ROM). Unlike RAM, when a computer is powered down, the contents of the ROM are not lost. EPROM or EEPROM can have their contents rewritten by a special operation. This is called Flashing the EPROM a term that came about because ultra violet light is used to clear the contents of the EPROM. Also Known As: Read Only Memory    Alternate Spellings: EPROM, EEPROM Examples: A new version of the BIOS was flashed into the EPROM

Marketing And Children Essay - 1620 Words

American children are consumers of media and are exposed to a plethora of messages on a daily basis, most targeted directly at them (Neeley 2004). And there are not just one, but at least three groups who are out to take advertising to children out back for a spanking! One example of marketing towards the youth market is the Kelloggs website Fun-K-Town. The site is devoted solely to kids and their favorite breakfast brands through the use of games. The site is looked at in depth below. Section 1: Marketing or Entertainment You might think a lot of money goes into putting together a website such as this, especially with a decent selection of games. The truth though, is that these games cost less than more traditional forms of†¦show more content†¦A good number of games are on the site gives children, who seem to have a knack for short attention spans, many other options if they grow tired of a game. The site groups the games by brand as opposed to by type or by name, giving the children the ability to easily pick out their favorite product and play games the only feature the characters from that brand. While the site should prove to be entertaining to its targeted demographic, I find the site to be more advertising than entertainment. Even thought the site is full of games, the amount of advertising is almost sickening and the fact that it is laid out by brand serves as a way to reinforce brand loyalty at a very early age. Technically I am going with the site being both advertising and entertainment, but I think it is decidedly clear that Kelloggs has this site up for monetary purposes more so than kids entertainment. One site that reviewed Fun-K-Land even started the article with a highlighted warning about the amount of advertising. There just seems to be too much th ere for the site to be viewed another way. Section 2: Influence Children start to identify frequently seen characters and may begin to demonstrate desire for those characters and related products that they see...(Neeley 2004) This leads directly into a topic that I brought up in the last section: Being able to choose byShow MoreRelatedMarketing to Children1352 Words   |  6 PagesPaper Marketing Children Child obesity is a growing problem in today s society. On average 28% of girls age 6-11 are overweight. Pediatricians are now seeing more and more children with high levels of cholesterol, high blood pressure, and adult on-set diabetes. In 1997 American children obtained 50% of their calories from added fat and sugar and only 1% of children s diets resembled the recommended proportions of the Food Pyramid. The amount of money that is spent marketing to children is outrageousRead MoreEssay On Marketing To Children1600 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen targeting the youth of society, more specifically children thirteen years and younger. Children are targets for ads because they are the most impressionable, and therefore can and have been exploited for a profit by large corporations for many years. For these following reasons, I believe that the marketing to children is a social problem and actions must implemented in order to protect the future generation. I will discuss how children have begun to change socially due to what is displayedRead MoreThe Marketing of Products to Children2086 Words   |  9 PagesDo you think that the marketing to children is a social problem? INTRODUCTION The marketing of products to children has continued since the emergence of the free market policy in the 20th century. However, in the recent decades, there has been a drastic increase in the expansion of marketing efforts targeted at children. The average child views thousands of television and print advertisements every year includingRead MoreMarketing to Children Consumers7172 Words   |  29 PagesMarketing Research: Children s Breakfast Cereal Consumer Report Investigation to identify key influences that determine children s consumer behaviour and knowledge of branded cereals Investigation into the effects of key influences on children s consumer behaviour and brand knowledge to determine a new marketing strategy. Executive summary This research aims to identify key influences that effect children s consumer behaviour and brand knowledge in relation to the children sRead MoreHow Marketing Affects Children1655 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Marketers see children as a future — as well as current — market and hence brand loyalty at a young age†(Global issues, 2010). Marketing is a complex scheme which benefits the industry to develop consumers however, the society does not understand the outcome it can cause in the future. 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This article originally appeared in Schor’s 2004 book Born to Buy: The Commercialized Child and the New Consumer. The author is an expert on the topic of behavior in humans and the economy, as she has taught sociology and economics at multiple universities. In her article, SchorRead MoreMarketing For Children Should Be Regulated2048 Words   |  9 Pages Marketing to Children Should be Regulated Duke Unique ID: 0628784 Course ID: PSY 425 Introduction Advertisers targeting children have been a source of public debate since the 1970s. In the earliest review of marketing to children, Adler (1977) identifies specific risk factors, which include unfair techniques, long-term effects on the values, attitudes, and the behavior of children. More recently, however, the scope of public concern has expanded to additional aspects, such asRead MoreCorporate Marketing Is Responsible For Childrens Materialism1079 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Corporate Marketing Is Responsible for Childrens’ Materialism†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Today, advertisements is an issue that brainwashes the youth and drains the money from their parent’s pockets. Jonathan Rowe, director of the Tomales Bay Institute, and Gary Ruskin, executive director of Commercial Alert, published an article called, â€Å"Corporate Marketing Is Responsible for Childrens’ Materialism† in 2006 through Greenhaven Press. Both writers of the article explain the marketing industry in today’s generation

Immigration Of The United States - 1081 Words

Immigration in the United States Statistics show that about 69,975 people were refugees and had entered the United States in the year of 2014. Most of them were shown from the following countries: Iraq, Burma, Somalia, and Bhutan (Mossaad 1). Over the years, the United States and other countries have tried many ways to block out the immigrants from coming into the countries but none of the laws or restrictions have stop the immigrants from coming in completely. At this time, President Obama said, â€Å"the amount of people crossing the border illegally is at its lowest since the 1970’s†. That must mean America is doing something right. The current US Immigration policies should not be reformed because the United States government is putting†¦show more content†¦There were and are many reasons for immigration, some including, religious reasons, freedom, cheap land, and freedom of enterprise (History 1). The government is doing a lot to secure the borders. One thing that they are attempting to do is putting more law enforcement around the borders. Obviously, the main mission of the border patrol is to prevent the illegal immigrants from entering the country. Most of the patrol men or women are placed near the Mexican and Canadian borders, this also includes the Southwest borders. These border patrols are sometimes informed to guard about 6000 miles (Border 1). The number of law enforcement that is sent to the borders has increased dramatically. In fact, what used to be about 9,100 patrolmen, is now 17,700 (Securing 1). Another way they are securing and protection of the borders is by improving the partnership of the communities surrounding them. They want to insure the safety of the communities and want to provide them with the information of what they are in the middle of (Strengthening 1). Lastly, the government is sending military equipment and machinery down to the borders. In h opes that they don t have to use it, it may also scare the other illegal immigrants away (Immigration 1). The process of the court system is getting rearranged in a way that will make it faster and easier (Obama 1). In order to be a citizen of America you have to either be

Death Of A Salesman (546 words) Essay Example For Students

Death Of A Salesman (546 words) Essay Death Of A SalesmanGood 1Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman explores the ever-elusive American Dream. It is something that we all chase after, yet we have different concepts of it. Willy Lomans vision of the American Dream was a rather distorted one. He was obsessed with reaching this goal. He believed that finding it would make him successful, yet his perception of what the dream was all about ultimately caused his demise. His belief that popularity and risk-taking provide the essential tools for success proved to be a tragic mistake. Willy grew up believing that being ?well-liked? was important to becoming a success. He thought that popularity could help you charm teachers and even open doors in business. He is proud to learn that flock around Biff and respond to his athletic abilities (Miller 1176). He even scoffs at the nerdy Bernard, who is to focused on his academic success to be popular. Willy believed that this adolescent popularity would ensure Biffs success in his adult life. Even though Biff fails as an adult, his father still holds on to the ill-conceived notion that a business man Biff met numerous years ago will offer him a job (1213). He believes that his business opportunity will give Biff the chance he needs to recapture his vivacious nature, confidence and popularity he experienced in high school. At one point in the play, Willy meets Bernard again. Bernerd is preparing to argue a case before the Supreme Court of the United States (1206). Sadly, Willy is unable to understand that Bernerd is successful because of hard work and determination. Willy can only wonder about fate and how Bernard turned out to be a successful lawyer and his own popular son Biff is a failure. Willy thought that popularity would be the key to success in his own life as well as the lives of his sons. Another part of Willys misconception about the American Dream is his belief that successful people are daring risk-takers. He often regrets that he turned down his brothers offer to travel to Alaska to make his fortunes. He also views Biff, the high school athlete, starting a sports company (1215). He thinks that this company will be successful because of Biffs popularity and attractive personality alone. He never considers the possibility that the company may be a failure because of Biffs lack of experience or knowledge. In contrast to these tragic characters, the reader may view Charlie or Bernard. Both of the characters have worked hard and survived the business world, not because of popularity or risk-taking, but because of hard work and perseverance. Willys distorted view of the American Dream causes many hardships for both him and his family. However, Miller shows the reader that the Dream is possible through the lives of Charlie and Bernard. The tragedy in the life of Willy Loman is that he never realizes that popularity and luck are just a substitution for real work education. His attempts to capture the American Dream fail to provide the contentment he seeks, but rather cause him pain and lead to his demise.BibliographyWorks CitedMiller, Arthur. ?Death of a Salesman.? An Introduction to Literature. Addison Wesley Longman: The United States of America. 1997. English Essays

A Writers Best Friend

A Writers Best Friend A Writer’s Best Friend A Writer’s Best Friend By Mark Nichol I was bemused recently to read in the acknowledgments section of a book the author’s expression of gratitude toward someone who had read the manuscript before publication. The writer thanked the other person for â€Å"doing great proofreading,† but he followed that comment with â€Å"Not copy editing [sic]; we were both cautious about that, as our strongly held opinions don’t often match.† My first impression was that the book’s author has or had at the time a fundamental misunderstanding of copyediting (since the book was published, the closed-compound version of that term has come to prevail), as he implied that such a process would interfere with his expression of his views. (The person who assisted him is an expert in the book’s subject matter.) That’s absurd, because no editing role certainly not copyediting involves revisions of writers’ expressions of their beliefs or judgments. A developmental editor for a book publisher, or an assigning editor of a periodical, might discuss this issue with a writer but generally does not impose on the author’s convictions; presumably, the opportunity for the author to express these ideas is the reason the content is being published in the first place. But then I considered that perhaps, by â€Å"strongly held opinions,† the writer meant his notions of what constitutes good writing. Perhaps he was referring to the fact that his ideas about how to construct prose conflicts with those of the person who reviewed the manuscript for him. This possibility led me to reflect on my long-held opinion, acquired through decades of painful experience, that there’s a strong correlation between good writers and good grace when it comes to responding to grammatical and syntactical revisions, concomitant with the disturbing degree to which many poor writers protest such improvements. For in this case, the book suffered greatly not only from the fact it, at least before it was submitted to the publisher, was proofread but not copyedited. It also was compromised by the apparent lack of copyediting (or any editing) during the production phase of publication. The writing is verbose, repetitive, poorly organized, and clumsy (barely) competent, but dull and tiring to read, and in dire need of attention from both a developmental editor and a copy editor. This mediocrity was all the more disappointing because of the anticipation with which I had approached the book, which covers a topic of great interest to me. I was especially puzzled about the writing quality because the book dates to the early 1980s, the last period in which a reader could count on well-edited books before, for many but fortunately not all publishing companies, the bottom line became more important than the line edit. Ultimately, though, that this book is an exception to the rule is not the writer’s fault; the publisher let him and me and other readers of this book down. But writers aren’t helpless in the face of this trend; if they lack a partner or other close associate qualified and willing to review a manuscript (or even if such an ally is put to work), they can resort to pre-editing. That’s the now-widespread practice of preempting a publishing company’s possible neglect or short-changing of the editing process, and/or improving the chance of the manuscript’s acceptance, by hiring a freelance developmental editor and/or a freelance copy editor to polish it before submitting it to publishers. It’s unfortunate that the assembly-line model that now prevails in the publishing industry necessitates this step for one or both reasons stated, but though it requires a financial investment by the writer, it’s a wise strategy that enhances the likelihood both that the manuscript will be published and that the book will succeed. Another wise strategy is to have a little humility about one’s writing ability and the value of one or more objective second opinions. I’m a good writer, though not a great one, but even if I did claim (and perhaps actually have) more talent, I would, as I do in reality, welcome both substantial and mechanical revisions that make me look even better. For me and many good and great writers it’s a no-brainer, but that indirect reference to my earlier comment about the correlation of writing talent to amenability to editing reminds me of another observation: Common sense isn’t as common as it should be. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comma After i.e. and e.g.3 Types of Headings8 Great Podcasts for Writers and Book Authors

Love poems Essay Example

Love poems Essay Example Love poems Essay Love poems Essay Sometimes what you need to say can be very short. In fact it may be the fact that the poem is short that makes it special. Its short length may show that you put the time and effort in to make every word count. You considered carefully every word choice. Every word choice has a reason behind it. A short poem can be the ultimate act of romance when it is given the time and effort that it deserve. When I first looked into your eyes, I became weak I was so shy that I couldnt even speak So I handed you a letter and walked away Hoping youd read it, wondering what youd say I went to the lake as the sunset Thinking of you, I swear I couldnt ever forget The way you smiled and laughed so sweet Remembering how my heart skipped a beat Your eyes are more beautiful than the setting sun When you looked into mine, I knew you were the one I no longer think back of being so lonely Because all I need now Is you, my one and only Being hurt in the past only made me stronger Now have you and wish my days lasted longer Watching the rain as It falls from the sky Kissing your lips as we close our eyes Making you smile Is Like a dream come true Aside from the night I fell In love with you Im so happy you read the letter I wrote If I werent so shy, I promise I would have spoke Loving you dearly has always been easy Never having the feeling that youd ever leave me Every night when I dream Its always of you When I awake I realize my dream came true

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Critical Thinking - Essay Example She made a decision and took action as a result of the decision. She immediately reported to the HR the flaw of the system and Tanya’s behavior. In my case, I took a stand when my I saw my classmate cheating in one of our exams during middle school. Although that classmate is a neighbor, I reported it to our teacher. The issue is cheating during examinations. My classmate used a small piece of paper that contained facts about the exam. I immediately called the attention of the teacher during the examination by writing on my test paper about what I saw. There was a need to suspend judgment for a few minutes before I told the teacher since I had to be certain that she was really cheating. Nevertheless, the decision to turn her in was deliberate since it would be unfair for the rest of the class to let her cheat since we all studied for the difficult exam. My position then was purely logical, we get what we deserve so I was just being objective. My advocacy then was not about honesty, it was all about reward for hard work. My action is a consequence of my decision to not tolerate cheating during examination since we all need to study to get the grade we deserve. Tama, M.C. (1989). Critical thinking: Promoting it in the classroom. Retrieved March 4, 2010 from Indiana University, Clearinghouse on Reading, English, & Communication Web site:

Allocation of Funds in the DOE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Allocation of Funds in the DOE - Essay Example This document will show the reasons for the re-allocation of the monies toward viable sources of energy, and will also outline the importance of energy conservation as a tool in adjusting from hydrocarbon fuel sources to the alternative energy source formats. Current Distribution of Funds, in millions, for 2011 Projected Distribution of Funds, in millions, for 2012 $100M Nuclear Energy $100M Nuclear Energy $145M Fossil Fuels $45M Fossil Fuels, until projected phase-out $75M Alternative Energy Sources ($40M for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells) ($90M for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells) ($15M for Solar Energy) ($10M for Wind) ($25M for Wind) ($10M for Biomass) ($0 for Water Power) ($40M for Water Power) $30M Energy Conservation and Weatherization $50M Energy Conservation and Weatherization Our planet is in crisis. We are technologically more advanced than ever, but our advancement comes at a price. We need to face the reality that our energy consumption is far exceeding the fuel resources we are using to sustain our lifestyle. Wood, coal, petroleum - each resource we have employed since we discovered how to turn energy into power has become a part of the global problem which it is now too late to solve: how do we save our planet from ourselves? In reviewing the alternatives for energy sources and the technologies currently exploring those alternatives it is my recommendation, based upon the book The End of Oil by Paul Roberts, that the following areas merit the bulk of the available funds: Energy Conservation and Weatherization, Nuclear Energy, and of the alternative energy sources that have been explored, Hydrogen and Fuel Cells. The abundance of a given resource is a deciding factor in determining which technologies merit funding. The question is which resource will carry us the farthest, making it the most worthy of investment? Let us consider the merits of the various resources, starting with coal, which falls under the category of fossil fuels. Coal was literally the corner stone of the Industrial Revolution at the turn of the last century. (27, Roberts) However, in the twenty-first century, with a century of pollution having adulterated our environment, Roberts points out that we have no choice but to consider cleaner sources of energy. Coal did, however, replace wood as an energy source, and it was able to achieve a technological leap previously impossible with wood: â€Å"Newcomen’s engine took the process one step further, by converting the heat energy from combustion into the physical, or mechanical, energy of work.† (28) Still, as a renewable energy source, it is found lacking. Coal and other fossil fuels are finite resources, making them unworthy of further financial investment. The Department of Energy is hereby charged with managing the re-allocation of funds to renewable sources of energy. The Department of Energy must also utilize the re-allocated funds in the Energy Conservation category to maximum advantage, for the following reason: â€Å"Changing our energy sources has historically been a highly disruptive process.† (15, author) This is to say that whenever people have negotiated the transition from one energy source to another, the change is slow to take effect because the existing technology works best with the resources currently

Cherokee Indians Essay Example for Free

Cherokee Indians Essay The word Cherokee is believed to have evolved from a Choctaw word meaning â€Å"Cave People†. It was picked up and used by Europeans and eventually accepted the adopted by Cherokees in the form of Tsalagi or Jalagi. Traditionally, the people now known as Cherokee refer to themselves as aniyun-wiya, a name usually translated as â€Å"the Real People† sometimes â€Å"the Original People. † Cherokees’ have had a democratic government (Conley, Robert J. 2000). The Cherokees’ first experience with the invading white man was almost certainly a brief encounter with the deadly expeditionary force of Spanish explorer Hernando DeSoto in 1540. English colonial traders began to appear among the Cherokees around 1673. Such interactions produced some mixed marriages, usually between a white trader and a Cherokee woman. There were three main events during the 18th and 19th centuries: war with the colonist in 1711; epidemics of European disease (primarily smallpox); and the continual cession of land in 1775. The Cherokees were forced to sign one treaty after another with the new United States government, each one giving away more land to the new nation. In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson planned to move all eastern Indians to a location west of the Mississippi River, and signed an agreement with the state of Georgia promising to accomplish that deed as soon as possible. Andrew Jackson actually set the so-called â€Å"Removal Process† in motion. Meantime the government had been oing everything in its power to convince Cherokees to move west voluntarily, and the first to do so were the faction known as Chickamaugans (Conley, Robert J. 2000). The history and traditions of the Cherokee Indians of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries are inextricably linked to the history and traditions of the white southerners. Many facets of Cherokee lifestyle and other Indian tribes in the Southern United States were modified and adapted from white methodology. Aspects of those cultural features were rooted in Pre-Columbian traditions. The Celtic culture of people who colonized the Southern United States and the culture’s charcterictics were the catalyst of what was arguably the most pivotal event in American History, the War Between the States. Many respected scholars have argued that the Ante-bellum south was different than the north, in its lifestyles, philosophies, and more. The southern states and their populations were undeniably different in nearly every socioeconomic and political aspect from the northern states and their respective populations. The destinies of the white southerners and Indian were connected in many ways. They had a number of common interests, traditions, ideals and goals. Some of these similarities were chance; others were due to an intimate relationship developed over centuries of close contact, a relationship created by the dynamic elements in the Cherokee’s new familiarity with their white neighbors and their culture (Bullard, F. B. 1989). The Cherokee adopted some practices willingly, others were forced upon them and some were already in place in some form in their traditional culture. Charles Hudson speculates in his work that the Cherokee and other tribes adopted the measures of civilization in acquiescence to the inability of the Cherokee to compete militarily with the white populous. The Cherokee and other tribes had adopted the techniques and social concepts of white â€Å"civilization† long before they were encouraged to do so by whites and their military intimidation. For the Indian, all white men were a threat to their traditions and cultural tenets. Use of a caste system was a part of the Cherokees ‘social structures before contacts with whites. The white south created its own social caste system with white planters as the aristocracy and the African slave at the peon (Bullard, F. B. 1989). The colonists who settled in the south were different than their counterparts in the North. The main heritage of the southern colonists was the Celtic in contrast to the English heritage of the colonists who settled in the north. The Celtic heritage these southerner colonists brought to North America from Europe had a profound effect on their folkways as well as influencing their Indian neighbors. Traditional Cherokee lands had incorporated ass of Kentucky, much of Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, North Carolina and a small part of Virginia and what is now West Virginia. The spatial proximity was one reason for the development of an identity with the Southern colonist and their institutions and traditions (Bullard, F. B. 1989). Indian agent for the United States, George Butler, commented that he felt the majority of the material progress in the Indian Territory was a result of slavery. The age of masters measured in the distribution in slaves provides evidence for the upward mobility of slavery for the Cherokee. The principal difference from the white south was the treatment of slaves in the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokee avoided mistreatment of the slaves and Major Ridge’s wife Susanna would not even use the word â€Å"slave†. There are many indications that the Cherokee treated their slaves comparatively well, one former slave of Martin Vann, commented that â€Å"they the slaves had to be feed well, clothed well, and housed well to get the best labor attainable from them† (Bullard, F. B. 1989). The most common agents of change among the Cherokee lifestyle were resident traders, missionaries and government agents. The Cherokee Indians modified their traditions for many reasons, among these reasons were: to placate white politicians and land grabbers and reinforce the federal government policies, philanthropists who wanted to â€Å"civilize† them and most important of all voluntary adaptation in an effort to preserve at least some government policies (Bullard, F. B. 1989). Cherokee Indians religion: It would be a mistake to see these two Cherokee spirit worlds as heaven and hell. They are not defined as good and evil, although the one below is seen as tremendously chaotic. They are thought of simply as being opposed to one another. We live our lives between them in a constant state of precarious balance. This dangerous situation, although the most important aspect of life in this traditional Cherokee view is to maintain balance and harmony. If the Cherokees are Christian, they might be Methodist, Presbyterian, Unitarian, or other Christian denomination. Although the more traditional Cherokees is a large group of Cherokee Baptists. Cherokee Baptists attend what are called Indian churches, where they make use of the Cherokee language (Conley, Robert, J. 2000). Cherokee Indian tribes were one of the largest of five Native American tribes who settled in American Southeast portion of the country. The tribe came from the Iroquoian descent. The Cherokees’ actually lived in cabins made of logs instead of the stereotypical tee pee. Very strong tribe with several smaller sections, all lead by chiefs. This tribe was highly religious and spiritual. Around the 1800’s the Cherokee Indians began to adopt the culture that the white man brought to them. At this time they began to dress more European, and adopted many of their farming and building methods. In 1828 gold was discovered on the Cherokee’s land. This prompted the overtaking of their homes, and was forced out. They had been settled in Georgia for many years, but now they were being made to leave and find a new place to settle/live. This was the historically popular Trail of Tears, where men, women, and children had to pack up their belongings and find new homes, and marching a span of thousands of miles. Today’s Cherokees’ have a strong sense of pride in their heritage (Indians. org 2011). A Historical person during this time Was John Ross in which became principal chief of the Cherokee nation. In 1827, following the establishment of a government modeled on that of the United States. He presided over the nation during the apex of its development in the Southeast, the tragic Trail of Tears, and the subsequent rebuilding of the nation in Indian Territory, in present day. Accompanying his people on the â€Å"trail where they cried,† Ross experienced personal tragedy. His wife, Quatie, died of exposure after giving her only blanket to a sick child. Once in Indian Territory, Ross led the effort to establish farms, businesses, schools, and even colleges. Even though the Cherokee Nation was torn apart politically after the fight over the removal treaty, Ross clung to reins of power (Moulton, Gary E. 004). In conclusion, Although Cherokee Indians were a very diverse tribe and had very many different talents. They were very spitural and worshiped only one spirit and that was good spirit, and eventually followed christanity. Trail of Tears was a very emotional time for all Cherokee Indians the time when they were forced out and were here before anyone ever settled America. This time for Men, Women, and Children was a shame. My grand dad always take for granted what you have cause someone can take it away in an instant; as they did to the Indians.

Reproductive Cloning Technology Essays -- Biology Clone

Reproductive Cloning Cloning has become a major issue in our modern world, from moral, ethical, and religious concerns, to the problem of financial and government support. Human cloning is one of the most controversial topics, and because of this, many of the new important discoveries and beneficial technologies have been overlooked and ignored. Reproductive cloning technology may offer many new possibilities, including hope for endangered species, resources for human organ transplants, and answers to questions concerning cancer, inherited diseases, and aging. The research that led up to the ability to clone mammals started more than a century ago. From frogs to mice to sheep to humans, reproductive cloning promises many possibilities. Ever since the successful birth of Dolly on July 5, 1996, the scientific community as well as the public have been engulfed in the idea of reproductive cloning, its benefits, and its potential threats. This well-publicized event was a giant steppingstone in understanding and using the techniques of gene cloning and reproductive cloning. By using a technique known as Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, scientists at the Roslin Institute removed the nucleus from an oocyte (unfertilized egg), and then fused this newly enucleated cell with a donor cell (with complete nucleus). This new embryo was then implanted into the womb of a surrogate mother ewe. In total, out of 277 fused cells, 29 successfully developed into embryos, while only one of these resulted in a successful live birth (a total success rate of 0.4%) (Wong, 202). Dolly was the first living mammal to be cloned by this fast and accurate process of somatic cell nuclear transfer, but was by no means the first animal to be cloned. The first... ...s, Mark. â€Å"Gene Cloning,† 11 June, 2004 , Holmgrem Lab, 27 July, 2007, 7. â€Å"History Of Cloning,† John’s Cloning Page , 22 July, 2007, 8. Pellegrino, Edmund D., â€Å"Human Cloning and Human Dignity.† The President’s Council on Bioethics. 22 July 2007 9. "Cloning Fact Sheet." Human Genome Project Information. 29 Aug. 2006. U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Human Genome Program. 27 July 2007 10. Love, Jamie, â€Å"The Cloning of Dolly.† Science Explained 27 November, 1997; 18 July, 2007 Reproductive Cloning Technology Essays -- Biology Clone Reproductive Cloning Cloning has become a major issue in our modern world, from moral, ethical, and religious concerns, to the problem of financial and government support. Human cloning is one of the most controversial topics, and because of this, many of the new important discoveries and beneficial technologies have been overlooked and ignored. Reproductive cloning technology may offer many new possibilities, including hope for endangered species, resources for human organ transplants, and answers to questions concerning cancer, inherited diseases, and aging. The research that led up to the ability to clone mammals started more than a century ago. From frogs to mice to sheep to humans, reproductive cloning promises many possibilities. Ever since the successful birth of Dolly on July 5, 1996, the scientific community as well as the public have been engulfed in the idea of reproductive cloning, its benefits, and its potential threats. This well-publicized event was a giant steppingstone in understanding and using the techniques of gene cloning and reproductive cloning. By using a technique known as Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, scientists at the Roslin Institute removed the nucleus from an oocyte (unfertilized egg), and then fused this newly enucleated cell with a donor cell (with complete nucleus). This new embryo was then implanted into the womb of a surrogate mother ewe. In total, out of 277 fused cells, 29 successfully developed into embryos, while only one of these resulted in a successful live birth (a total success rate of 0.4%) (Wong, 202). Dolly was the first living mammal to be cloned by this fast and accurate process of somatic cell nuclear transfer, but was by no means the first animal to be cloned. The first... ...s, Mark. â€Å"Gene Cloning,† 11 June, 2004 , Holmgrem Lab, 27 July, 2007, 7. â€Å"History Of Cloning,† John’s Cloning Page , 22 July, 2007, 8. Pellegrino, Edmund D., â€Å"Human Cloning and Human Dignity.† The President’s Council on Bioethics. 22 July 2007 9. "Cloning Fact Sheet." Human Genome Project Information. 29 Aug. 2006. U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Human Genome Program. 27 July 2007 10. Love, Jamie, â€Å"The Cloning of Dolly.† Science Explained 27 November, 1997; 18 July, 2007

Conflict Resoluton in the Classroom

Running Head: INCORPORATING CONFLICT RESOLUTION 1 Incorporating Conflict Resolution Melinda McCray Concordia University INCORPORATING CONFLICT RESOLUTION 2 As an educator, it is important that I not only know how to effectively deliver the curriculum to my students, but to also be able to effectively manage my classroom. Managing the classroom is not just writing disciplinary referrals or assigning detentions, but also includes making the proactive decision to prevent and mitigate conflicts as they arise in the classroom. While all conflicts obviously cannot be prevented, teachers must be instrumental in guiding students to resolving their conflicts. Thomas Lickona (1991) touches on guiding students through conflicts. He writes, â€Å"even if students have the benefit of a conflict curriculum, social skill training†¦ many will still have trouble applying these learnings†¦ In these situations the teacher usually has three tasks: (1) Helping students understand†¦ (2) Helping students work out a fair solution†¦ and (3) Helping children practice the behavioral skills†¦. (294-295). While some of these suggestions may not be applicable to high school students in some instances, I think that Lickona’s suggestions have merit. In my classroom, I could certainly incorporate helping my students practice good behavioral skills. I would definitely focus on the moral aspects of discipline and behavior, because students can relate to how they would like to be treated, using the â€Å"what if† scenario. Morality of mind is always an incentive to encourage a child to behave in the proper way. Community involvement is not always that easy at my school, but using our parent liaison could be a step in that direction. Maybe the liaison could reach out to the parents when teachers cannot. Lickona(1991) suggests that observant teachers know the situations that trigger situations, (295) as one such teacher, using effective conflict resolution strategies such, one-on-one counsel, seating arrangements, and modeling good moral conduct is the way I plan to continue to resolve conflicts as they arise in my classroom and keep the classroom environment safe. References Lickona, T. (1991) â€Å"Educating for Character† How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. New York: NE Bantam Books

Transformational Leadership Impact on Team Performance Free Essay Example, 4000 words

The concept of leadership has been a central focus for most researchers for decades, with the most recent focus on leadership moving from traditional theories of leadership to the more modern transactional and transformational theories of leadership (Ozaralli, 2003). A lot of emphasis though has been placed on transformational leadership, which is viewed to be charismatic and visionary (Bass Stedlmeier, 1999), and has been theorized to influence the follower s performance motivation, sense of purpose, and self-awareness (Bass, 1985; Bass and Avolio, 1993). This view has been strongly supported by Bass, Daniel and Tucker (1992), who in their research analyzing university principals, found that transformational leadership not only had an impact on job satisfaction but also performance. Ozaralli (2003) who is investigating transformational leadership with respect to team effectiveness and leadership also concluded that transformative leadership strongly contributed to employee empower ment and team efficiency. Studies relating leadership styles to team effectiveness have consistently arrived at the same solution; that transformational leadership is a more determinant of effectiveness than are other leadership styles. For instance, Organ (1998) in his empirical analysis found that the relationship between role performance and transformational leadership was higher than that between role performance and transactional leadership. We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership Impact on Team Performance or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Sosik, Avolio, and Khakai (1997) and Dione et al (2004) found similar results when relating the leadership styles to team effectiveness, where transformational leadership is deemed more influential and effective. The essence of transformational leadership rests on Bass and Stedlmeier (1999), Bass (1995) and Bass and Avolio (1993) theoretical constructs. Based on these researches, it can be noted that transformational leadership has four dimensions: these are Inspirational motivation, where the leader effectively communicates a vision.

Oil Drilling Essay examples - 1403 Words

Crude oil is black gold that has been even sought out even in the ancient times. The Chinese in the fourth century drilled 800 feet deep oil wells to burn the oil to produce salt. Oil has a long history. America’s has massive oil demands and off-shore drilling has become a temporary solution and scientist are trying to find alternative sources of energy that can last us a very long time. There are many disadvantages and hazards when it comes to offshore drilling. Theses disadvantages can affect the wildlife, animal population, marine environments, pollution and much more. With there being so many disadvantages for offshore drilling, why continue drilling? Oil that is spilled in the ocean water can kill. When oil is spilled, oil floats†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The focus on preening overrides all other natural behaviors; including feeding and evading predators, making the bird vulnerable to secondary health problems such as severe weight loss, anemia and dehydration.† (IBRRC) The only ones that survive are the one that are rescued by rescue workers. Oil suffocates fishes. If directly exposed to the oil, a mucous like film covers the body and gills. Crude oil has a toxic compound that is easily dissolved in fish tissue. One of the toxic compounds is Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). Oil can cause abnormal development and deformities in fish larvae if they come in contact and can affect fish population. â€Å"Spills in rivers and streams disperse the oil by agitation and are similarly more toxic to fish.† (ehow) Oil rigs use drilling mud or drilling fluid, which is a toxic lubricant that is used in the process of drilling deep boreholes that will be drilled for oil and gas extraction. â€Å"Historically, contaminated and dirty mud was dumped in open pits, allowing the natural environment to become polluted.† (Smith, 2010) One drilling platform normally drills between seventy and one hundred wells and discharges more than 90,000 metric tons of drilling fluids and metal cuttings into the ocean.† (Oceana) Chemicals are poisonous to organisms. Plankton is the smallest organisms, that consist of bacteria, animals, Achaea, and plants and is a vital part in the food chain. These chemicals can affect theShow MoreRelatedOil Drilling and Pollution870 Words   |  3 Pages One way that drilling for oil destroys animals homes is that fossil fuels create carbon dioxide, and then that burned carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere and then Global Warming is starting to melt the ice caps that animals live on. Also, drilling the new wells that we have to drill to get the oil, that makes the amount of land for the animals to make homes go down, and when the land amount goes down so does the length of the animals, like the polar bear, go down. The average length of the polarRead MoreAlaska Oil Drilling1301 Words   |  6 Pagesdegradation. An example that sheds light on the conflict between human interests and environmental responsibility is the controversial approval of the oil drilling in the Northern Slope region of Alaska and the drilling that has already began, in the Tar Sands of Alberta. In this paper I will firstly explain the situation regarding why the drilling for oil is up for debate to take place. Secondly I will assess the benefits and the irreparable damage that could possibly bring forth devastating effectsRead MoreArctic Oil Drilling1508 Words   |  7 Pagesevery month or so as a result of the scarcity of oil. Some people just shrug the price increas e off and cope with it, but the economic effect is far greater than it first appears. As the price of oil increases, so does the price of all other products that are transported. There is, however, an opportunity for the United States to increase the supply of available crude oil by drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The idea of drilling in the Arctic has been controversial and to the presentRead MoreThe Disadvantages Of Oil Drilling Offshore2181 Words   |  9 Pages The Disadvantages of Oil Drilling In Environmentally Sensitive Areas In The United States Oil drilling in environmentally sensitive areas in the United States had been an ongoing controversial problem for a very long time. There are so many opinions along with outlooks on the present topic. Many people are against oil drilling offshore because of the issues that it creates. However, there are many critics that agree with drilling in environmentally sensitive areas because they do not worry aboutRead MoreOffshore Oil Drilling2928 Words   |  12 Pageslife? Some people do, and when people are offshore drilling they can cause a lot of problems if something goes wrong. The biggest concern by environmentalist is not a spill, but the pollution of the air and water, damage to the ocean bottom and debris that washes ashore from day-to-day operations of oil and gas rigs. Oil Drilling can lead to jobs being endangered, animals dying, and damaging the eco system. So many animals are dying because of the oil in the water. Proofread to- Government wildlifeRead MoreThe Deepwater Hor izon Is An Oil Drilling Rig1661 Words   |  7 PagesThe Deepwater Horizon is an oil drilling rig that was built in South Korea by Hyundai Heavy Industries in 2001. The rig was a massive mobile drill as it was measured to be â€Å"396 by 256 feet† (Report). Additionally, it was considered to be an exploratory rig, not an actual excavator rig. The rig was commissioned to Transocean which later leased it to British Petroleum, an oil and gas company. The oil rig was once well known as â€Å"it set the world record for the deepest oil and gas well †¦ 35,055 feet†Read MoreFshore Oil Drilling Job1229 Words   |  5 Pagesconveys ideas and information through communication using four of its major functions such as â€Å"control, motivation, emotional expression and information† (p. 299). The offshore oil-drilling job is complex and needs engineering expertise. BP had undertaken deep-water oil drilling at the Macondo well using the Transocean offshore oil rig. It is expected that BP and its partner, Halliburton, Transocean needed detailed collaborative communication plan across between all the parties. Let us examine some ofRead MoreOffshore Oil Drilling On The Environment1474 Words   |  6 PagesOffshore Oil Drilling â€Å"If we do nothing, it doesn t matter how we feel. And that’s exactly what oil companies are banking on: out of sight, out of mind† (Hart, 24). Petroleum is a naturally occurring oil found under deep layers of rock (â€Å"oil drilling†). Oil drilling is when a pipe penetrates through these several layers of rock in order to reach the petroleum oil underneath. This oil can then be purified or turned into gasoline for energy use. Offshore oil drilling, like its’ name describes, isRead MoreThe Global Spread Of Oil Drilling2565 Words   |  11 Pages2016 Oil Drilling The global spread of oil drilling is connected to the reasons why oil was first exploited in the first place; it was plentiful, it had the highest energy density per weight, it was not already being exploited. Chief to the purpose of this paper on oil drilling lies in the words was and had. The fact that those words are in the past, and the idea that things superior to oil have come along, is something that needs to be brought up more often. The fact is that oil, as a resourceRead MoreThe Arctic Oil Drilling Industry2148 Words   |  9 PagesArctic oil drilling industry can be seen as one of the most driven economic gains and a step ahead for the country to become energy independence. Nonetheless, the price that comes with this gold liquor has shifted the country’s mission to harvest and provide a clean, eco-friendly energy. The continuous drilling processes come with negative impacts towards the areas involved: in this case, The Chukchi Sea, The Beaufort Sea and The Arctic N ational Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). In order to sustain the oil drilling

Essay on Reaching for a Dream in Literature - 1381 Words

Selfish Dream Everyone has their dreams and whoever puts all his or her efforts and determination in pursuing that goal is the one who will succeed. However, there are dreamers who have misconceptions about the art of dreaming. In three pieces of literature I have encountered: â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† by Richard Rodriguez, â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† by Lorraine Hansberry and â€Å"Fences† by August Wilson, its characters fight for their dreams regardless obstacles in their life. Nevertheless, they expose their sense of self-absorbance while seeking their dreams. Dreaming and aspiration are human senses, but when one considers his or her dream more important than the others, dreaming becomes another aspect of selfishness. In general, to fulfill†¦show more content†¦Blindingly pursuit his ideal life, most importantly, the man has lost his social skills which he assumes himself a â€Å"bad boy†. Even though the man has enough intellectual knowledge to get aware of his temporary problems, he does not make any changes. His selfishness dynamically expresses later on in adulthood. He admits that he is always unconfident, sad and anxious. Moreover, he develops a sense of disrespect to his parents. He makes fun at correct their grammar mistakes; He get sick of their constant encouragement; He is disgraceful parent because they can help him with his homework. The character obviously does nothing to compensate for his parent sacrifice. He is an outstanding student, but in the human sense, he fails to be an educated person. He once admits: â€Å"He cannot afford to admit his parents (How could he still and pursuit such a contrary life?). He permits himself embarrassment at their lack of educatio n† (Rodriquez 3). He may think that now with an excellent education, he is in a higher level than others including his parents. Therefore, he feels ashamed of them. Getting rejected from the society and suffering a state of loneliness are a pricey cost of success that Richard Rodriquez’s character decides to take. People expose the selfishness when they dismiss others’ aspiration base on their perspective. August Wilson’sShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1278 Words   |  6 Pageswhen it was first released it has made up for lost time and is now one of the greatest classics in American literature and being read in classrooms all across the United States. What actually denotes a book as a classic or great, though? In my opinion, a lot of it has to do with what a person needs at the time. According to James L. W. West III, leading Fitzgerald scholar and English literature professor at Pennsylvania State University, â€Å"[Gatsby] never seems to lose its modernity; it has that kindRead MoreEssay about Symbols of a Worn Path679 Words   |  3 PagesSymbols of A Worn Path Mitchell Davis Freshmen Comp Critical Literature-Based Essay Friday, March 12, 2009 Symbols of A Worn Path Phoenix Jackson; an old negro woman that partakes on a journey to take medicine to her sick nephew that is off in another town. Phoenix is old and through the story there are many accounts that I think are symbolic to being of age. Being one with nature Phoenix Jackson is determined to travel through the forest to tend to her sick nephew. The story itselfRead MoreSymbols in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby is one of the most read pieces of literature throughout the current modern Western world. High school kids all across the globe must learn and read it as part of their curriculum. One of the aspects that makes this novel so notable is that Fitzgerald, at no point in the story, needs to convey to his audience the theme of his novel directly. The main points of his novel are brought out by the powerful symbols he infuses in the book. Not only does he use them to convey his themeRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And Harlem By Langston Hughes1089 Words   |  5 Pagesroaring 20’s was an astounding time in the history of the United States of America. Many authors published novels, poems, and other works of literature to show their readers what it would be like to experience this time frame. Some examples of these works include The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzg erald and â€Å"Harlem† by Langston Hughes. Both of these pieces of literature include literary elements to appeal to the reader’s senses and imagination. A prevalent theme that has been found in works of the roaringRead MoreAnalysis Of The Jungle And Good Enough By Upton Sinclair1567 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s modern era, worldwide immigration has increased at historic rates, leading to the inevitable evolution of the challenges immigrants face after arriving to a new country. The analyzation of immigration literature gives readers valuable insight into the lives of immigrants and the hardships they face. The Jungle by Upton Sinclair follows the lives of a Lithuanian immigrant family in the early 20th century as they strive to attain success by working in the meatpacking industry of PackingtownRead MoreMen in The Sun, A Review Essay736 Words   |  3 PagesGhassan Kanafani is one of the famous Arab writers who represent resistance literature. His writin g was mainly devoted to depict the struggle of his people and ignite new resistance acts against Israeli forces of occupation. The writer affirmed the strong determination of the Palestinian people to liberate their occupied lands whatever the cost would be. Kanafani was a writer and journalist from Acre, the editor of al-Hadaf. A member of the Political Bureau of PFLP and its spokesperson, he publishedRead MoreNegative Capability within Kubla Khan Essay1029 Words   |  5 PagesThere are a myriad of critical theory lenses that can be applied and utilized to closely observe pieces of literature. One of these theories is John Keats’s Negative Capability theory which consists of an idea of â€Å"†¦when man is capable of being in uncertainties, Mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact reason†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Keats 968). Ultimately, this signifies that in poetry the emphasis be placed on the significance of inquisitiveness and the asking of questions o f the life and sceneryRead MoreApplication For Admission At Kent State University1077 Words   |  5 Pagesearning my Master’s Degree in English and Comparative Literature from Tours University in France, I worked for nine years as an English and English as a second language instructor in higher and secondary education institutions in France, the Middle East and in the state of Ohio. Now I have decided to take my professional career to another level by undertaking a doctoral program that will prepare and capacitate me to teach English language and literature in higher education institutions. The decisionRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest Critical Analysis1479 Words   |  6 Pagessees them not only while he is awake, but also in his slumber. Bromden alerts the reader of a dream that he had, in which a death of a patient occurs, the dream becomes a reality later on when the same patient is found dead. The hallucinations and dreams can help to better understand Chief Bromden’s character from looking at Sigmund Freud’s â€Å"Interpretation of Dreams†. By looking at the content of one’s dreams it can be a good indication of an individual s mental stability. Bromden’s thoughts and motivationsRead MoreAmerican Literature in the Period between 1914-1945887 Words   |  4 Pagesdance, and music, and also literature. The American literary of the 1914’s-1945 modern era became a reflection of a nation attempting to come to terms of what it really meant to be of modernity. First, there was a time period when America was prosperous with the growing new innovations that shaped America to today’s foundation. America has also faced the tremendous downfalls such as the Great Depression, greatly impacted Americans’ outlook on â€Å"reaching† the American dream. Gregory Rodriguez stated

Accounting Practices

Question: Write a report on the accounting practices related to the determination of the compensation packages and audit. Answer: Introduction This report is on the discussion regarding the accounting practices related to the determination of the compensation packages and audit. The report is divided in to two parts. In the first part, the report focuses on the compensation package and relates the discussion with the case study of Strong Built Construction Company. On the other side, the second part of the report focuses mainly on two previous research papers and makes the discussion based on finding of those two research papers. At the end of the study, an overall conclusion is given. Elements of compensation packages A package of compensation in an organization includes some key elements. In case of the organization that is Strong Built Construction Company, the key elements of the compensation packages of the employees are as under: Basic Salary: It is the most important element of a compensation package within a company. It is the compensation, which Strong Built Construction Company provides its employees for their daily efforts. This portion of the compensation package depends on the ability, experience and skills of the employees (Taylor, 2016). Incentives: Another key element of the compensation package of the employees of Strong Built is incentive. The company generally pays the incentive for long-term basis. This element of the compensation package plays a vital role in motivating the employees. Employee benefits: This element of compensation package includes different insurance plans for the employees like, health insurance, disability insurance or life insurance and at the same time, it also includes the catastrophic expenses. Along with these, different types of pension and savings plans are also included (Tornikoski, Suutari Festing, 2014). Annual bonus: This element of compensation package is given by the company on the basis of the annual profit or income earned by the company. This is another motivational factor for the employees. Assumptions of traditional agency theory and its influences on compensation As per the traditional agency theory, there are mainly two key assumptions based on which the traditional agency theory has been built. These two key assumptions are as under: The interests of the principals are morally acceptable for all the time In order to fulfill the own interests, the managers of the organizations must act unethically These above-mentioned two key assumptions of traditional agency theory have great influence on the approaches to the compensation of the company. The assumptions of the traditional agency theory clearly indicate that there is a conflict between the interests of the principal or the shareholders and the agents or the managers or employees (Foss Stea, 2014). These assumptions actually influence both the parties (shareholders and managers) in increasing the level of compensation. In case of Strong Built Construction Company, the managers want to build such a compensation approach in which their annual bonus will be higher, when the company is earning good amount of profit (Pepper Gore, 2015). However, on the other side, the shareholders or principals or owners of the company wants to pay less annual bonus so that their portion of profit becomes high. Difference and relationship between extrinsic and intrinsic motivations The main difference between the extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation is that in case of extrinsic motivation, individuals are motivated by the external factors like, medal, grades, money or trophy (Taylor, 2016). There is no guarantee that the extrinsic motivation gives actual fun or enjoyment to the individuals. Sometimes, the individuals are motivated by extrinsic motivational factors just to achieve an outcome that is considered as higher achievement by the society. On the other side, in case of the intrinsic motivation, the individuals are motivated by the internal factors like, interests and will of self-development. This type of motivation provides the actual enjoyment or fun to the individuals (Tornikoski, Suutari Festing, 2014). However, the relationship between these two motivations is that in both types of motivations, the individuals achieve something that helps in improvements of the individuals. Both of the motivations help to achieve something at a higher level. Therefore, if an individual tries to achieve something by focusing on both the extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors, then he or she can achieve the goal properly and happily. Influence of employees attitude to risks on the desire of compensation package The attitude of the employee towards the risk actually has a great influence on his or her compensation package. In an organization like Strong Built Construction Company, there may be some employees are, those can take risk, some are risk aviator and some can take the risk to a moderate level. Therefore, in case of the risk taker employees, the compensation package is generally high because these employees take challenges and responsibilities (Bolton, Mehran and Shapiro, 2015). There are some activities, on which the future of the company depends but these are risky. Now, in case of risky decision, the company pays more benefits or extra payments to the employees because by taking more risk, the company can gain more profits or income, which increases the compensation package. On the other side, if the employees do not take risk, then there is no question of getting higher payment or extra benefits. Influence of time of receiving the financial benefits on the employees desire for benefits The time of receiving the financial benefits also influences the employees desire for getting the benefits (Hermanson et al. 2012). For example, if the Strong Built Construction Company pays the incentives to the managers or employees in long-term basis, then the employees will desire to get higher amount of money at a time. On the other side, if the company pays the incentives on year-to-year basis, then the employees will desire to get more compensation in each year due to the addition of incentive. However, in that case the total amount of incentive will be less. Role of fairness consideration in determination of compensation The consideration of fairness plays a vital role at the time of determining the compensation for the employees. In case of Strong Built Construction Company, the company must keep in mind that at the time of determining the compensation of the employees, it must be fair to each of the employees. The employees belong from same organizational position, must have same basic pay level. However, the company must consider the experience of the employee (Taylor, 2016). If an employee is more experienced than the others are, then that employee must get higher compensation than others must. At the same time, determination of the compensation also depends on the fairness of the employees towards the company. If the company identifies any unfair attitude of the employee, then it can deduct the money from the employees compensation (O'Reilly et al. 2014). Reason of providing benefits at the time of compensation determination An executive compensation committee is the authority, which acts on behalf of the boards responsibilities of providing or designing the compensation package for the employees (Tornikoski, Suutari Festing, 2014). However, this particular committee may provide the benefits to the employees of the organization at the time of determining the compensation for the employees. The executive compensation committee generally does this in order to motivate the employees to improve their level of performance. At the same time, if the committee identifies the performance of any employee above the standard level, then also the committee may provide benefits at the time of determining the compensation package. Structure of executive compensation committee for best outcomes As per the rules and guidelines provided by NYSE, all the companies those are listed on the stock exchange are required to form an executive compensation committee (Hermanson et al. 2012). However, in order to structure the executive compensation committee, at first, the company needs to consider the board of directors. The executive compensation committee includes the Chief Executive Director of the company along with the other executive officers. At the time of structuring the executive compensation committee, it must be kept in mind that no non-executive director should be included within the committee (Ims, Pedersen Zsolnai, 2014). This is because, the non-executive directors have their personal interests within the company. Conclusion and Recommendations From the above discussion, it can be said that there are mainly four key elements of a compensation package of a company. These elements are basic pay, annual bonus, long-term incentives and employee benefits. There is a conflict between the interests of the shareholders and managers of the company. On the other side, there are two types of motivations like, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation and these two differ from each other. However, both of these two motivations help to improve the performance of the individuals. In case of the compensation package of the employee, the time, fairness and employees attitude towards risk have vital influence. On the other side, the executive compensation committee decides the compensation package of the employees. Therefore, from these, it can be identified how the Strong Built Construction Company can determine the compensation of its employees for increasing the satisfaction and work motivation of the employees. The recommendations for Strong Built Compensation Committee are as under: The company must focus on the extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of the employees. However, these two motivational factors may change based on the nature of the employee. The company may include more elements to the compensation package of the employees. This will increase the value of the compensation package. Hence the job satisfaction and work motivation will come. The company must fix the time for paying the financial benefits to the employees. Either the company may provide the financial benefits in each month or in long-term basis, but it must be fixed. Reference List: Bolton, P., Mehran, H. and Shapiro, J., (2015). Executive compensation and risk taking.Review of Finance, 49 Foss, N Stea, D. (2014). Putting a realistic theory of mind into agency theory: implications for reward design and management in principalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ agent relations', European Management Review, 101-16. Hermanson, DR, Tompkins, JG, Veliyath, R Ye, ZS. (2012). The compensation committee process, Contemporary Accounting Research, 666-709. Ims, KJ, Pedersen, LJT Zsolnai, L. (2014). How economic incentives may destroy social, ecological and existential values: the case of executive compensation, Journal of Business Ethics, 353-60. O'Reilly, CA, Doerr, B, Caldwell, DF Chatman, JA. (2014). Narcissistic CEOs and executive compensation, The Leadership Quarterly, 218-31. Pepper, A Gore, J. (2015). Behavioral agency theory new foundations for theorizing about executive compensation, Journal of Management, 1045-68. Taylor, S. (2016). 9. Compensation policy and employee turnover.Research Handbook on Employee Turnover, 166. Tornikoski, C., Suutari, V., Festing, M. (2014). Compensation package of international assignees.The Routledge Companion to International Human Resource Management, 289.

Japanese Hrm free essay sample

International Journal of Human Resource Management, Human Resource Management Journal, Organizational Dynamics and Asian Business and Management. In 2005 he co-edited a book entitled â€Å"Japanese Management: The Search for a New Balance between Continuity and Change† with Palgrave. Anne-Wil Harzing is Professor in International Management at the University of Melbourne, Australia. Her research interests include international HRM, expatriate management, HQsubsidiary relationships, cross-cultural management and the role of language in international business. She has published about these topics in journals such as Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Organizational Behaviour, Strategic Management Journal, Human Resource Management, and Organization Studies. Her books include Managing the Multinationals (Edward Elgar, 1999) and International Human Resource Management (Sage, 2010). Since 1999 she also maintains an extensive website (www. harzing. com) with resources for international and cross-cultural management as well as academic publishing and bibliometrics. Abstract The objective of this chapter is to develop suggestions as to how Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs) might best make use of foreign, here specifically American and German, HRM practices in order to reform their own HRM model. We will write a custom essay sample on Japanese Hrm or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These suggestions are based on a large scale empirical study, encompassing responses from more than 800 HR managers. The learning possibilities for Japanese companies from abroad are analyzed on two different levels: at headquarters and at subsidiary level. One obvious difficulty we are presented with if we wish to answer the question what Japan can learn from ‘the West’ is the selection of countries that are representative of ‘the West’. In this study we limit our empirical research to the inspirations Japan might receive from the USA and Germany. This selection has some merit, in representing the largest and the third 2 3 largest developed economies in the world (with Japan being the second largest economy), and the economically dominant nations of North America and Europe (with Japan being the leading economy in Asia). In addition, the USA and Germany each embody the prime example of two of the three main varieties of market economies: the USA representing the free market economy of Anglo-Saxon countries and Germany the social market economy of continental Europe (with Japan embodying the third main variety of market economies, the government-induced market economy of East-Asia). Furthermore, according to Smith Meiksins (1995: 243) the USA, Japan and Germany are most frequently referred to as role models, â€Å"as they provide ‘best practice’ ideals from which other societies can borrow and learn. Consequently, these country models have been subject to numerous comparative analysis (Thurow, 1992; Garten, 1993; Yamamura and Streeck, 2003; Pascha, 2004; Jacoby, 2005). As economic performance and growth paths vary over time the role of a ‘dominant’ economy also rotates among countries. In the 1950s, 1960s and most of the 1970s the American management style clearly was domin ant and a common expectation was that it would spread around the world, gaining application in many foreign countries. From the late 1970s to the early 1990s, this argument increasingly was applied to Japan (Mueller, 1994), and to a lesser extent and limited to the European context, to Germany (Albert, 1991; Thurow, 1992). Since the implosion of the Japanese economy, the stagnation of the German economy, and with the advent of globalization, the conventional wisdom over the last one and a half decades up to the current economic crisis has been that the American management model is particularly well suited to provide the necessary flexibility to cope with rapidly evolving economic and technological conditions. Consequently, the USA became again the dominant role model (Edwards et al. , 2005). This study employs a very carefully matched design in which we investigate the same three countries (Japan, the USA and Germany) as home and host countries. We not only study HRM practices at headquarters (HQ) in each of these three countries, but also the practices of the subsidiaries of MNCs from each of the three countries in the two other respective countries. As a result, we re able to compare the HRM practices of nine different groups of companies: HQ in Japan, the USA and Germany, subsidiaries of Japanese and German MNCs in the USA, subsidiaries of Japanese and American MNCs in Germany and subsidiaries of American and German MNCs in Japan. This design will enable us to disentangle the inspirations companies seek from abroad to a far greater extent than has been possible in other studies. 3 4 The structure of our analysis is separated into two main sections. The first main section describes empi rical results from HQ and the second main section depicts the situation at subsidiary level. For each of the two main sections, first the context of existing research is summarized. Subsequently, the methodology of the empirical research is described. Findings are then presented and subsequently discussed. Finally, suggestions are made as to how the Japanese might best make use of foreign HRM policies to reform their own HRM practices and ultimately improve competitiveness. Research context As mentioned above, the Japanese HRM model has often been recognized as a key factor to the rise of the Japanese economy, particularly during the 1980s (see for example Inohara, 1990). However, the same Japanese HRM which until recently has been much celebrated in the West, and presented as a role-model to be learned from (see for example Vogel, 1979; Ouchi, 1981; Peters and Waterman, 1982; Bleicher, 1982; Hilb, 1985), is now increasingly viewed as outmoded, and necessitating substantial reform (Frenkel, 1994; Smith, 1997; Yoshimura and Anderson, 1997; Crawford, 1998; Horiuchi, 1998; Ornatowski, 1998; El Kahal, 2001; Pudelko, 2005, 2007). Others, however, continue to stress its inherent strengths and warn against significant change (Kono and Clegg, 2001; Ballon, 2002; Ballon, 2006). On the other hand, American understanding of HRM has traditionally been viewed by Japanese managers with skepticism. It is regarded as contradicting in many ways the broad concept of ‘respect for people’ (Kono and Clegg, 2001) and the aim of ‘human resource development’ (Ballon, 2002) that is ingrained into the Japanese management philosophy. In particular, the idea of defining the employees of a company as ‘resources’ (instead of members of the company ‘family’) that need to be managed (instead of ‘developed’) runs contrary to the key concepts of traditional Japanese HRM. However, in response to the deep crisis of the Japanese economy and management model, which has lasted for more than a decade now, it is clear that some shift toward Western management principles is taking place 4 5 (Frenkel, 1994; Ornatowski, 1998; El Kahal, 2001; Matanle, 2003). Thus, mirroring the economic growth patterns, adoption of Japanese HRM principles seems in the USA to be largely an issue of the past, whereas the question of adoption of American HRM policies is more current in Japan than ever. The key issue in Japan seems to be to find a new balance between the continuation of traditional (human resource) management principles and changes inspired largely by Western or more specifically American strategies. Regarding finally the specific German understanding of (human resource) management, it has to be concluded that this is a subject of no significant importance in Japanese business research, if it is considered at all (Pudelko, 2000a). Methodology Data collection and sample It may be noted from this brief review that existing literature in this field is in some respects inconclusive or somewhat contradictory. Nor has it generally been informed by empirical examination of HR managers’ own views on cross-national adoption processes. As this group might be expected to constitute the chief change agent, empirical insight appears in this context all the more important. Accordingly, this chapter provides data on the perceptions of HR managers from three different countries on the possibility of learning from each other. In this task, a quantitative approach seemed to be the most appropriate. The analysis is therefore based on empirical data which have been drawn together from an extensive survey (Pudelko, 2000a-c). The heads of HR departments from the 500 largest corporations of Japan – and for comparative reasons – the USA and Germany were selected as units of investigation. It was assumed that the heads of HR departments would have the highest degree of experience, knowledge and vision with regard to the issues being investigated, due to their senior positions within corporate hierarchies.

Final Shorter Version free essay sample

The kindness of God versus the love of God 10 Conclusion 1 1 Bibliography 12 Introduction Clive Staples Lewis was born November 29th, 1898 in Belfast, Ireland and died in Oxford, England on November 12th, 1963. Commonly known as C. S. Lewis, he is remembered mostly by his fictional and nonfunctional writings. Sews was deeply bothered by the prevalence of pain in the world because it did not reflect a loving God. This issue has raised questions challenging the belief and existence of a loving God that would allow this dilemma to exist. Lewis used his accounts with pain and argued the quandary defending the existence of God.C. S. Lewis wrote the book The Problem of Pain in 1940 in an effort to understand and explain how a good and loving God could allow pain and suffering to be endured by His creation. Lewis states: If God were good, He would wish to make His creatures perfectly happy, and if God were almighty He would be able to do what He wished. We will write a custom essay sample on Final Shorter Version or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But the creatures are not happy. Therefore God lacks either goodness, or power, or both. This is the problem of pain in its simplest form. L The main purpose of this paper is to explain why a good and loving God allows pain and suffering to exist in the lives of Christians.Additionally, this paper will also discuss how people use pain as an objection to creation by a loving and all-powerful God. Next, this paper will explain why pain and suffering are beneficial in the lives Of Christians. Finally, if God is good, why does He not free Christians from suffering when they ask Him to? Pain as an objection to creation Pain and suffering are unavoidable and have tormented the world since the fall of man. The desire to avoid pain is a natural reaction of humans because it will cause hurt either physically or emotionally. People wonder why a good ND all powerful God allows Creation to suffer and not free them from it.They also argue that if God is omnipotent, He can liberate this world from pain. C. S Lewis wrote, If the universe is so bad, or even half so bad, how on earth did human beings ever come to attribute it to the activity of a wise and good The Bible says that in the beginning God created everything good. In fact, Genesis 1:31 confirms that . God looked over all he had made, and he saw that it was very good! 3 People may not agree with the concept of creation, but they can all agree that everything created in Genesis does exist and are good as the Bible says they are. Light, the ocean, trees and plants are good, coordinated, and interdependent, not corrupt and evil. God also created man and woman with the innate ability of free will, to choose to obey God or not. In order to use this ability, God gave them one rule, not to eat from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. Adam and Eve disobeyed God and were banished from the Garden of Eden. The curse of sin entered the world through this wrongful use of freewill. All sin will carry with it pain and suffering. God said to Eve that He would sharpen her childbearing main and to Adam that he would have to struggle and sweat in order to eat. Suffering and pain emanate from the wrong choices that humanity makes. Choosing to disobey God is to choose sin and evil over the love and righteousness of our creator. Pain as a result of freewill God gave Adam and Eve freewill, to choose to obey or disobey God. Lewis wrote, God created things which had free will. That means creatures which can go either wrong or right Why, then, did God give them free will? Because free will, though it makes evil possible, is also the only thing that makes possible any love or goodness or joy worth having.Humans, spend their lives making decisions that impact others in some way or form, whether positively or negatively. Icon explains that Lewis felt that the majority of our pain comes from the people around us; thus, it is important to understand the reason of eye treat each other so badly. 6 Christianity agrees that the root of suffering comes from choosing to disobey God. Neither freewill nor God are to blame for the suffering in the world. The love for worldly things, the selfish desire of the flesh and the lies of the devil are ever so present in the lives of humans, tempting them to disobey God.Still, the question as to why an all-powerful God does not remove suffering is unanswered. In order for suffering not to exist, He would need to remove freewill. Lewis explains, Try to exclude the possibility of suffering which the order of nature and the existence of freewill involve, and you find that you have excluded life itself. 7 God cannot remove freewill, because in doing so, He would eliminate mans capability to choose right or wrong love or hate, or choosing God or evil. Also, as Lewis states, removing freewill, in turn, will remove the existence of humanity. Gods omnipotenceNothing demonstrates Gods omnipotence as evidently as His actions in creation. Genesis 1 describes how God orchestrated the creation of the world by speaking it into existence. Job recognized His omnipotence when he said, l know that you can do anything, and no one can stop you. 8 God created the universe and everything in it out of nothing; therefore, He is greater than creation, thus making Him all powerful. In the chapter, Divine Omnipotence, Lewis explains that omnipotence does not mean the power to do nonsense. 9 In other words, God cannot create a rock too big for Him to lift or a problem too hard to solve.He cannot love and hate humans at the same time. For Him to attempt to create or perform, something that goes against His nature is fundamentally impossible. Harmon explains this using the law of non-contradiction, which means that God cannot grant freewill and not grant freewill at the same time. 10 Though God is omnipotent, His inability to contradict Himself is His choice. Lewis also explains the freedom God has to choose His actions are driven by Himself and no external obstacle can impede them. 11 No external factors that can persuade Gods actions due to His perfect ways.God is also omniscient which allows Him to know how His actions will affect the lives of Christians. Knowing that there is a purpose and meaning behind every decision He makes will provide a better understanding as to why He allows pain and suffering. Hence, pain and suffering are useful for God to achieve His purpose. Pain is necessary in the lives of Christians Humanity instinctively avoids pain and suffering. All humans suffer pain, including Christians. The book of Job demonstrates how an upright man who follows Gods commands, lost all material possessions, family, and his health. Joking at the example of Job, it is clear that following God and His amendments cannot deliver Christians from trials and painful situations. It is hard to accept that there is a good side to pain, but Christianity looks at pain and suffering differently. Lewis explains that God whispers to His followers when everything is going well in life, but He shouts through pain: it is His megaphone to get our attention. 12 Christians would agree that pain is not their preferred method of communication, but in a hectic world with so many distractions, the all-knowing God uses pain as a last resort.The arrival of pain in our lives guides our attention back to God. Christians find peppiness in pleasing and engaging God, but when the demands of the flesh become their focus, then their joy becomes pleasing themselves. However, pain not only brings the attention of Believers back to Him, it also allows Him to reveal His power, love and glory. In 1 Peter 4:13, Peter encourages Chrisms followers to rejoice in their trials and sufferings for they will bring joy when His glory is revealed to the world. 13 Job remained faithful to God while enduring his sufferings.The same God, who allowed Job to suffer, is the same one who blessed him with a double portion of what he had. He was always there, but Gods infinite wisdom allowed all the sufferings Job endured for His reasons and His purpose. Pain promotes spiritual growth As discussed earlier, God can use pain to redirect the attention of believers back to Him when they loose focus of Him. Another way God uses pain is to promote spiritual growth by testing their faith and love for Him. In Christianity, spiritual growth is not an option; it becomes a part of life.Lewis wrote, That is why we must not be surprised if we are in for a rough time. 14 He continues to explain that when trouble comes, either in the form of illness, uncial struggles, or temptations that go against God, it is because God is moving them to a higher level to develop more patience, more love, or more faith in Him. 1 Peter says: These trials will show that your faith is genuine. It is being tested as fire tests and purifies gold-?though your faith is far more precious than mere gold.So when your faith remains strong through many trials, it will bring you much praise and glory and honor on the day when Jesus Christ is revealed to the whole world. 15 Through trials and tribulations God will shape and mold the lives of Christians o grow closer to Him and become perfect in the Fathers eyes. Another way to view spiritual growth resulting from pain is to view it like growing pains in children. Followers of Christ will endure spiritual growing pains that will stretch their love and faith in Christ. Therefore, pain and suffering will be present in their lives until God finishes the work He intended for their lives.Lewis explains this further by saying that the moment Christians place themselves in Gods hands, He will make them perfect and whatever the suffering may cost, He will not rest until the work is done. 16 CSS Lewis experiences with pain Lewis endured pain and sorrow throughout most of his life. His first encounter with suffering was the death of his mother when he was only nine years old. Later that same year, his grandfather died. He also dealt with anguish during the war and then suffered the agonizing death of his wife Joy.In his book A Grief Observed, which was written after his wife passed away, Lewis discusses how he began to question the love of God, including Gods ability to listen to prayers. He shares in chapter one how he felt God was not present during his time of mourning for his wife. He wrote, But go to Him hen your need is desperate, when all other help is vain, and what do you find? A door slammed in your face, and a sound of bolting and double bolting on the inside. After that, silence1 7 Lewis describes in detail his loneliness and compares it to the loneliness felt by Jesus on the cross when He asked God why He forsook Him.Even though pain challenged Lewis belief in God, he never lost his faith in Him. He wrote, The conclusion I dread is not So theres no God after all, but So this is what God is really like. Deceive yourself no longer. 18 Experiences of mourning and suffering like the ones Lewis endured can challenge a Christians foundation of faith in God. The will of God Followers of Christ believe in the perfect will of God, because, due to His omniscience He knows what to take to achieve His plans in the lives of Christians.Lewis states, Gods will is determined by His wisdom which always perceives, and His goodness which always embraces, the intrinsically good. 1 9 Gods will cannot be explained in the human context, but His actions are always for the good, even if it causes pain. God allowed Josephs brothers to turn on him in order to bring his family to Egypt, which blessed and formed onto a great nation. God also allowed Paul to endure great sufferings throughout his life, which led him to preach the Gospel to non-Jewish people. Gods permissive will allows for events to occur in the lives of Christians to accomplish His perfect will for His purposes.Saving the spirit of humans is Gods ultimate concern due to His love for them, hence the reason Jesus died on the cross. The Bible states, So we dont look at the troubles we can see now; rather, we fix our gaze on things that cannot be seen. For the things we see now will soon be gone, but the things we cannot see will last forever. 20 Christians believe and recognize that their sufferings are temporary; therefore they understand the promise of spending eternity in heaven with God. God desires for the world to know Him and give Him the glory that He alone deserves.Hence the reason why followers of Christ focus on spreading the Gospel around the world, even if it is painful. Jesus endured sufferings by spreading the true Word of God. Consequently, Christians, like missionaries, endure pain and suffering willingly, to spread the Good News around the world, without regard of the cost to their lives. Pain felt when God does not answer prayers As discussed earlier, God is all powerful and all knowing. Christians bring forth their petitions to God due to their belief that only He can answer their requests.Since God is all knowing, He understands how the answer to such prayers will impact the live of the petitioner. Therefore, when God does not answer the petitions of Christians, there is unhappiness and at times pain. Icon states that after Lewis the experiences of his mothers and grandfathers death, . . Combined with his fathers changed manner, caused the boy to experience pessimism and depression; he was also bitter about he unanswered prayers for his mothers recovery. 21 Lewis unanswered prayer brought pain and suffering. Christians experience the same pain when prayers for the recovery of a loved one are unanswered.Gods will and purpose for the life of His followers is beyond any pain felt in their lives. Unanswered prayers can also challenge the faith and belief in prayer. Christians can pray for specific requests believing God will grant what they request, which they believe is good for their lives. Lewis writes, If the thing he prays for doesnt happen, then that is one more proof that petitioners racers dont work; if it does happen, he will, of course, be able to see some physical causes which led up to it, therefore it would have happened anyway, and thus a granted prayer becomes just as good a proof as a denied one that prayers are ineffective. 2 An unanswered prayer can test a believer to think that prayers are ineffective. Although, Christians find assurance in the Bible where it says in 1 Thessalonians 5:16-18, Always be joyful. Never stop praying. Be thankful in all circumstances, for this is Gods will for you who belong to Christ Jesus. 23 Believers recognize that an unanswered prayer can hurt, but they know that it s Gods will and they should rejoice in all situations. Paul said, Thats why I take pleasure in my weaknesses, and in the insults, hardships, persecutions, and troubles that I suffer for Christ. For when am weak, then am strong. 24 Paul understands that during his weakness, he is strong because God provides him the strength to endure sufferings. The kindness of God versus the love of God The Bible establishes God is love. Humanity believes that God is kind and good; therefore, they cant understand why there is suffering in the world. There is a misconception between Gods kindness or goodness and Gods eve. Lewis explains this when he wrote, By goodness of God we mean nowadays almost exclusively His lovingness; and in this we may be right.And by Love, in this context, most of us mean kindness the desire to see others than the self happy; not happy in this way or in that, but just happy. 25 Christianity looks at God as a kind and loving God, both views are correct, but there is a difference between the two. For example, parents love their children and are good to them, but when the child wants something the parent does not believe they should have, for his well being, the child is no longer happy. Gods love is no different. He listens to the petitions of the heart, but He decides what to grant for the well being of the spirit.Harmon writes, Lewis insists that the idea God has for goodness is different from ours, in that it is far better and greater, but not too different. 26 Kindness and love are both very similar. The difference is that kindness temporarily pleases without regards to the future and love demands correction to build a solid foundation for the future. Lewis says love is more stern and splendid than mere kindness. 27 Understanding this misconception between Gods undines and Gods love is important to better understand some of the reasons why God allows pain.His love for humanity goes beyond suffering and pain. Jesus said, it is better to enter heaven missing a body part, than for the entire body to spend eternity in heehaw Conclusion Pain and suffering are evident in the lives of Christians and non-Christians alike. God cannot remove pain from this world, because in doing so He would have to remove human kind. That is not to say that human kind is pain, but that their actions, due to freewill, can inflict pain and suffering on those around them. Although pain exists, it cannot disprove Gods ability to love and be all-powerful. Pain itself is not evil. It was discussed that God uses pain and suffering to redirect the attention of humanity in His direction. His omniscience allows Him to use pain to mold His followers into vessels for His use, thus reflecting His love and glory. Self-surrender to Gods perfect will is painful due to the selfish nature of humans, however, this is necessary to enjoy the comfort and love God provides during painful situations. Pain as a result of self-surrender to God allows for spiritual growth in the Father, ringing His creation closer to Him, which is ultimately His purpose.